Trichomoniasis, also known as canker, is one of the most common diseases affecting racing pigeons. This condition, caused by a parasite called Trichomonas gallinae, can cause serious health problems for the birds and can affect their performance in competitions. As a breeder with 20 years of experience, I have encountered countless cases of trichomoniasis, and through this article, I want to share valuable information about symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment.

What is trichomoniasis?

Trichomoniasis is an infectious disease that primarily affects the mouth cavity and esophagus of pigeons. The parasite Trichomonas gallinae is transmitted through direct contact between birds or by consuming contaminated water. This disease can affect both young and adult pigeons, and the symptoms range from mild to severe, depending on the health status of the pigeon and the severity of the infection. It is important for every breeder to be aware of the risks associated with this infection, as well as effective preventive measures.

What you need to know

  • Trichomoniasis is contagious and can spread rapidly in lofts.
  • Symptoms may appear within a few days of infection.
  • A correct diagnosis and prompt treatment are essential to prevent complications.
  • Maintaining proper hygiene in the loft is crucial.
  • Collaboration with a specialised veterinarian can make a difference in managing this disease.

Symptoms of trichomoniasis

Pigeons infected with trichomoniasis may exhibit a range of visible symptoms. Some of the most common include:

  • Oral lesions: Pigeons may have yellow or whitish plaques in the mouth cavity or on the tongue, which can lead to feeding difficulties. This can seriously affect the nutritional intake of the birds.
  • Excessive salivation: Observing droplets of saliva around the beak is a clear indicator of potential infection. Additionally, pigeons may appear to be "spitting" saliva constantly.
  • Respiratory issues: Some pigeons may sneeze or have noisy breathing, which can be hard to observe, but is a warning sign.
  • Weight loss: Due to feeding difficulties, pigeons may lose weight rapidly. It is important to monitor the weight of the pigeons, as significant weight loss can indicate an infection.
  • Fatigue and apathy: Sick pigeons may appear less active and may avoid interactions with other birds in the loft. This can also affect their social behaviour, negatively impacting their mental health.

It is important to closely monitor our pigeons, especially after the training period. Any signs of listlessness or lack of appetite should alert us, and it is advisable to act quickly.

Practical tip: Use careful observation methods, conducting regular checks of the pigeons in the loft to identify early symptoms of infection. An observation journal can be very useful for tracking changes in behaviour.